Least Squares ─→ ADALINE ─→ Backpropagation ─→ CNN/LeNet ─→ AlexNet ─→ ResNet ─→ ViT │ Bayes ─→ Naive Bayes ─→ GMM+EM ──────────────────→ VAE ─→ Diffusion Models │ Markov ─→ ...